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Computer Notes 2017-2018

WOOD’S DESPATCH-I854      Wood's Despatch came to be known after the name of Sir Charles Wood, who was the President of the Board of Control, The Despatch imposed upon the Government the task of creating a properly articulated scheme of education from primary school to the University. The instruction in State schools and colleges was to be ‘exclusively secular’.  Objects of the Organization of Educational Policy  “Among many subjects of importance, none can have a stronger claim to our attention than that of education. It is one of our most sacred duties, to be the means, as far as in us lies, of conferring upon the natives of India those vast moral and material blessings which flow from the general diffusion of useful knowledge, and which India may, under Providence, derive from her connexion with England .........  We have, moreover, always looked upon the encouragement of education as peculiarly important, because calculated “not only to produce a higher degree of intellectual f

A RESOLUTION OF 7th MARCH, 1835 Lord William Bentinck accepted the arguments advanced by Macaulay in support of his view and observed, “I give my entire concurrence to the sentiments expressed in this minute.” in his Resolution of 7th March, 1835, passed the following orders :- First . His Lordship-in-Council is of opinion that the great object of the British Government ought to be the promotion of European literature and science among the natives of India; and that all the funds appropriated for the purpose of education would be best employed on English education alone.  Second . But it is not the intention of His Lordship-in-Council to abolish any college or school of native learning, while the native population shall appear to be inclined to avail themselves of the advantages which it affords, and His Lordship-in-Council directs that all the existing professors and students at all institutions under the superintendence of the Committee shall continue to receive their stipends.... ..

MACAULAY’S MINUTE-1835 Lord Macaulay (landed in India on June 10, 1834), the Law Member of the Governor General’s Executive Council was also appointed President of Committee on Public Instruction. Asked to interpret the implications of the section concerning education in the Charter Act of 1813, he presented a lengthy minute to Bentinck. A few extracts from his minute are given here.  Macaulay’s Views on Indian and European Literature  “A single shelf of a good European literature was worth the whole native literature of India and Arabia.”  “The claims of our own language it is hardly necessary to recapitulate. It stands pre-eminent even among the languages of the west ...... Whoever knows has ready access to all the vast intellectual wealth which all the wisest nations of the earth have created and hoarded in the course of ninety generations. It may safely be said that the literature now extant in that language is of greater value than all the literature which three hundred years ago

CHARTER ACT OF l813  Clause 43, East India Act, 1813 inserted in the Charter largely  influenced the subsequent educational policy of the Company and is rightly regarded as the foundation-stone of English Educational system in India.  “It shall be lawful for the Governor General-in-Council to direct that out of any surplus which may remain of the rents, revenues, and profits arising from the said territorial acquisitions, after defraying the expenses of the military, civil, and commercial establishment and paying the interest of the debt, in manner herein after provided, a sum of not less than one lac of rupees in each year shall be set apart and applied to the revival and improvement of literature and the encouragement of the learned natives of India and for the introduction and promotion of a knowledge of the sciences among the inhabitants of the British territories in India.”  The clause presented three propositions for consideration :  (a) the encouragement of the learned natives o